活性白土应用价值
Application value of activated clay

　　活性白土是用膨润土加工而成的一种化工产品，具有活性炭的多种功能，且价格远比活性炭便宜。因此，广泛应用于石油工业的各种矿物油、油脂工业的动植物油，固、液体石蜡、脂肪酸、废油再生、乙醇和苯等脱色精制。也可以用作葡萄酒和汁液的澄清、制糖工业的糖汁净化、化学工业的催化剂载体、粉剂农药的添料等。
　　我国活性白土的生产厂家约40个，年产量约为42万吨。最大的生产装置能力为5万t/a。活性白土的产地主要集中在东北、华北、华东等地区，产量占了全国的70%以上。目前，我国活性白土的需求量为65万t/a左右，每年还进口约4万吨。
　　颗粒白土是以活性白土为主要原料，经科学配方，化学处理而成的，外观为不定型小颗粒状，它比活性白土有更高的比表面积和颗粒强度，性能稳定，选择性好，具有很高的吸附能力，广泛用于石化行业芳烃提纯，航空煤油精炼，也用于润滑油、基础油、柴油等油品的精制，脱除油品中残余的烯烃、胶质、沥青、碱性氮化物等杂质。
　　目前，国内颗粒白土主要是替代美国TONSIL颗粒白土，用于芳烃联合装置中的烯烃脱除，航空煤油、溶剂油精炼等，纯苯精制，起到脱除少量氮化物、胶质、色素等作用。颗粒白土有时也叫滤油硅胶，使用滤油硅胶可以很好去除酸质和油泥、生物胶体、绝缘材料的浸出物,可除去水份、杂质和色谱分析烃类气体，可用于污水处理和有毒气体的过滤及石化油工业催化裂化。

　　Activated clay is a kind of chemical product processed with bentonite. It has many functions of activated carbon, and its price is much cheaper than activated carbon. Therefore, it is widely used in various mineral oils, animal and vegetable oils, solid and liquid paraffin, fatty acids, waste oil regeneration, ethanol and benzene decolorization and refining. It can also be used as clarification of wine and juice, purification of sugar juice in sugar industry, catalyst carrier of chemical industry, and addition of powder pesticide.
　　There are about 40 active clay producers in China, and the annual output is about 420000 tons. The maximum production capacity is 50000 T / A. The producing areas of activated clay are mainly concentrated in the northeast, North China, East China and other regions, accounting for more than 70% of the national output. At present, the demand of activated clay in China is about 650000 T / A, and about 40000 tons are imported every year.
　　Granular clay is made of activated clay by scientific formula and chemical treatment. It has higher specific surface area and particle strength than activated clay, stable performance, good selectivity and high adsorption capacity. It is widely used in aromatics purification, aviation kerosene refining, lubricating oil, base oil, diesel oil and other oils The product is refined to remove the residual olefins, resins, asphalt, basic nitrogen compounds and other impurities in the oil.
　　At present, domestic granular clay is mainly used for olefin removal in aromatics combined unit, aviation kerosene and solvent oil refining, and pure benzene refining, which can remove a small amount of nitrogen compounds, resins and pigments. Granular clay is sometimes called oil filtering silica gel. The use of oil filtering silica gel can remove acid and oil sludge, bio colloid, insulation material extracts, water, impurities and gas chromatography analysis of hydrocarbon gas, can be used for sewage treatment and toxic gas filtration and petrochemical oil industry catalytic cracking.